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Zukofsky, Louis
1904-1978

Louis Zukofsky (January 23, 1904 May 12, 1978) was one of the most important second-generation American modernist poets. He was co-founder and primary theorist of the Objectivist group and was to be an important influence on subsequent generations of poets in America and abroad. New York-born, of Lithuanian Jewish parents, he studied English at Columbia, graduating with a Master's degree in 1924. He began writing at university and joined the college literary society as well as publishing poems in student magazines. One early poem was published in Poetry but never reprinted. In 1934, Zukofsky got a research job with the Works Projects Administration (WPA), a position he held until 1942, working on a history of American handicrafts. In 1933 He met Celia Thaew and they were married six years later. The Zukofskys had one child, Paul, born in 1943, who went on to become a prominent violinist and conductor. In 1943 Zukofsky left the WPA to work as a substitute public school teacher and a technical writer. In 1947, he took a job as an instructor in the English Department of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, and he taught there until his retirement in 1966. Although Zukofsky lived in New York City for most of his life, in 1972 the Zukofskys moved to Port Jefferson, New York, on Long Island. Zukofsky died there in 1978. In his early years, Zukofsky was a committed Marxist. While he associated with Party members and published in Party-associated magazines, his poetry, which while strongly political was resolutely avant-garde and difficult, found little favor in Party circles. Though Zukofsky considered himself a Marxist at least through the end of the 1930s, the focus of his work after 1940 turned from the political to the domestic. Ezra Pound, who Zukofsky considered the most important living poet, promoted Zukofsky's work, putting him in contact with other like-minded poets, including William Carlos Williams. Zukofsky was one of the founders of the Objectivist group of poets and of To Publishers, later the Objectivist Press, along with Charles Reznikoff and George Oppen. (Other poets associated with this group included Williams, Basil Bunting, Lorine Niedecker, Carl Rakosi, Charles Reznikoff and Kenneth Rexroth.) Having suffered critical neglect for most of his career, Zukofsky, along with the other Objectivists, was rediscovered by the Black Mountain and Beat poets in the 1960s. In the 1970s, Zukofsky was a major influence on many of the Language poets, particularly in their formalism.

Zozulya, Pichos
Person

Holocaust survivor Pichos Zozulya (b. 1913; d. 1976) was a Ukrainian Jew and among the first Jewish people to return to his hometown of Chudnov, Ukraine after the war. He married Miriam (née Kaliko); they emigrated from Ukraine in 1984. After 1944, Zozulya wrote letters to his children and grandchildren explaining what had happened to him and what the fate of their relatives had been.

Zonailo, Carolyn

Carolyn Zonailo was born January 21, 1947, in Vancouver, British Columbia. Zonailos paternal great-grandparents were among the 7,500 Doukhobors who came to Canada from Georgia, Russia, in 1899. She is the daughter of Matt Zonailo, a builder and electrician from Castlegar, British Columbia, and Anne Gibb, who immigrated to Canada from Scotland as a young child. Zonailo attended primary and secondary school in Vancouver, B.C. She attended Scripps College in Claremont, California, as well as the University of Rochester in New York. In 1971, Zonailo received a Bachelor of Arts in literature from the University of British Columbia. From the mid 1970s, Zonailo published her poetry in literary magazines, periodicals and anthologies. In 1975, she began studies at Simon Fraser University at Burnaby, British Columbia, and completed a Master of Arts degree in 1980. Zonailo founded Caitlin Press in 1977 and published books of poetry and fiction until 1990. During this period, Caitlin Press published several other west coast poets including Elizabeth Gourlay, David West, Cathy Ford, Beth Jankola, Carole Itter, Norm Sibum, David Conn, Ajmer Rode, and Mona Fertig. In April, 1991, Caitlin Press was sold to Cynthia Wilson and Ken Carling, who relocated the press to Prince George, British Columbia, and changed its scope to fiction, non-fiction, and poetry primarily related to the interior region of British Columbia. In 1991, Zonailo began collaborating with graphic artist and poet Ed Varney to publish poetry broadsides, pamphlets, chapbooks and two anthologies under the imprint the Poem Factory/Usine de Poeme. Their collaboration continued through 1999. Zonailo has served on the board of several writers organizations including the Federation of British Columbia Writers, the League of Canadian Poets, and the Writers Union of Canada. In 1995, Zonailo married poet and teacher Stephen Morrissey and in 2000, they founded Coracle Press. Zonailos interest in mythology, archetypal studies, and Jungian psychology has been incorporated into her writing. Zonailo also writes and lectures in mythology and astrology under the name Carolyn Joyce. Carolyn Zonailo lives in Montreal, Quebec, with her husband, Stephen Morrissey.

Zolbrod, Leon M., 1930-1991
Person · 1930-1991

Leon M. Zolbrod was a pioneer scholar of traditional Japanese literature who first came into contact with Japan during his service with the American military in 1948 and later taught English there. Zolbrod earned his MA and PhD degrees in Japanese literature from Columbia after which he taught at the Universities of Indiana and then Kansas before moving to the University of British Columbia in 1967 where he taught Japanese language and literature for twenty three years. Much of Zolbrod’s research and publication activities focussed on making the literature of Edo Japan more accessible to Western audiences. His first book was "Takizawa Bakin" (1967) and he later edited and translated "Ugetsu Monogatari" (1975). Zolbrod completed a major study tentatively entitled "Reluctant Genius: The Life and Work of Buson, a Japanese Master of Haiku and Painting" which was not published. Leon Zolbrod passed away in Vancouver on April 16, 1991.

Corporate body · 1925-1958

Zion United Church had its roots in the American Presbyterian Church. In 1892, a church building was opened at Princess St. and Jackson Avenue. In 1898, the congregation merged with First Presbyterian Church at Gore and Hastings (now First United). Former Zion members left and re-organized as Knox Independent Presbyterian Church, and bought the old First Presbyterian Church building at Main and Cordova Streets. In 1902, the church members entered the Congregational Church of Canada and became Knox Congregational Church. A new building was opened in 1915 at Broadway and Woodland, and the congregation changed its name to Grandview Congregational Church. The congregation entered Church Union in 1925, as Zion United Church. The Rev. Charles E. Batzold served for 23 years as its first minister. In 1958, Zion and Trinity United Church amalgamated to form Trinity-Zion United Church. The Trinity building was used until a new church could be erected, at which point the name of the congregation was changed to Lakeview United Church.

Silverton was visited by both Methodist and Presbyterian missionaries in the early 1890s. In 1897 Zion Community Church was erected in Silverton for use by all denominations. In 1903, Sandon, Silverton and New Denver were united to form one charge called the New Denver Pastoral Charge. In 1925 after Church Union, Zion Community Church became known as Zion United Church. From 1925 until 1941 Silverton, Sandon and New Denver were part of the New Denver Pastoral Charge. Silverton was part of the Nakusp-New Denver Pastoral Charge from 1942 to 1964. From 1965 to 1984 Silverton was part of the Arrow Lakes-Slocan Pastoral Charge which included Arrow Park, Burton, Edgewood, Nakusp and New Denver. In 1985 Silverton became part of the Kootenay-Slocan Pastoral Charge with New Denver, Kaslo and Procter. Zion United Church continues today to serve the people of Silverton.

Corporate body · 1925-

Zion United Church was established in 1925 with the union of Zion Presbyterian Church (founded 1892) and Ashcroft Methodist Church (founded 1897). From 1954 to 1958, the Charge included St. Andrew's United Church (Lillooet, B.C.) and was known as the Ashcroft-Lillooet Pastoral Charge. Congregations which are now closed, but which formerly were part of the Charge, are St. John's (Clinton, B.C., 1925-2011); Spences Bridge (1926-1977); Walhachin (1929-1959); and Cache Creek (1958-1973). Keefers, Savona, and North Bend were also points of the original Ashcroft Pastoral Charge. Since 2011, Ashcroft has been a single point charge.

Methodist Church services began in the Armstrong area as early as 1883. By 1891, the Shuswap and Okanagan Highway reached into the valley, and the population of the area grew, as did the Methodist church membership. An increase in church membership resulted in the building of the Armstrong Methodist church. The church was dedicated on December 11, 1892. The Armstrong Methodist congregation was originally part of the Spallumcheen Pastoral Charge which included Enderby, Landsdowne, Schuberts (or Round Prairie), Pleasant Valley, Vernon (then known as Priests' Valley), Mission and Grand Prairie. By 1896 the mission field of Spallumcheen was divided into two parts. Armstrong, Enderby and North as one point and the southern portion from Vernon southward, as the second point. In 1911 Armstrong Methodist Church became a separate charge. Presbyterian services in the Armstrong area date back to 1886. Services were originally held in the Armstrong Methodist church until the Zion Presbyterian Church was opened on January 5, 1902. The Methodist and Presbyterian congregations entered church union in 1925, with services being held in the former Presbyterian church building.

Zilber, Jacob
Person · 1924-

Professor Jacob Zilber taught creative writing at the University of British Columbia from 1957 to 1989. He served as chairman of the University of British Columbia’s Creative Writing Committee prior to the establishment of UBC’s Department of Creative Writing in 1965. Zilber was also one of the founders of UBC’s "Prism" magazine and served as its editor from 1966 to 1973.
Jacob Zilber was born on May 15, 1924 in Green Bay, Wisconsin. He completed his undergraduate education at the University of Wisconsin in 1948 where he earned Honors in General Scholarship. He went on to earn a Masters of Arts from the University of Washington in 1957. Zilber joined UBC’s Department of English in 1957 as a Lecturer until 1962 when he became an Assistant Professor. In 1965 he held the position of Associate Professor and become a full Professor by 1975.
Zilber held memberships in various professional and learned societies such as CAUT and the UBC Faculty Association. He was also a member of the Industrial Workers of the World, the first director of the B.C. Writers Service and served as a judge for the ACTRA awards.
As a prolific writer, Zilber’s literary work has appeared in various Canadian and American magazines while his plays have been presented in Vancouver and off-Broadway in New York. A co-written screenplay, "The Inbreaker" (1974), became a feature film produced by the Bob Elliott Film Company of Vancouver.
Professor Jacob Zilber retired from teaching in 1989 and remains active in the field of creative writing.

Zemke, Ernest W.

Ernest Zemke was a US Army soldier stationed in Fort St. John and involved in the construction of the Alaska Highway, 1942-1943. Zemke and other US Army personnel were sent to Dawson Creek from Fort St. John to assist in fighting the Dawson Creek fire of March, 1943.

Zeldowicz, Ludmila R.
Person · 1905–1991

Dr. Ludmila Zeldowicz (1905–1991) was a Polish Holocaust survivor and refugee who emigrated to Canada in 1947. She and her husband, Henry Zeldowicz (1906–1986), were separated during the war and each believed the other dead but were reunited when Ludmila's friend found a note on a Red Cross bulletin stating Henry Zeldowicz had been seen in Palestine with the British Army.

After her arrival in Canada, Ludmila worked as a clinical assistant professor of neurology at UBC. Ludmila died in 1991.

Zanadvoraff (family)

Victor A. Zanadvoraff (1902-1981) was an engineer on the Jordan River hydroelectric project on Vancouver Island.

Zabudney (family)
Family · 1896- 1992

Joseph Zabudney was born in Zelenchi in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire on 1 January, 1896. He arrived in Prince Rupert in 1926 and his wife Anna Sysac, born in Ukraine on 5 September 1908, arrived previously in 1923. The couple had one daughter, Olga, who was born in July 1927. Joseph and Anna became naturalized citizens on 21 January, 1929. Joseph worked for the Canadian Pacific Railway in the Bridge and Building Department and Anna worked as a shoreworker in the fishing industry. The Zabudneys lived at 212 5th Avenue West and later moved to 1009 2nd Avenue West. After high school, Olga enrolled in business courses at St. Joseph's Academy and graduated in 1946. After this, she worked for the Ministry of Forests. In the 1960s she married Ray Giordano and throughout her life taught piano lessons, participated in the Prince Rupert Garden Club, and was active in the local Canadian Arthritis and Rheumatism Society. Joseph died on 9 July, 1979 at age 83, Olga died on 12 January, 1988 at age 60, and Anna died on 21 July, 1992 at age 83. Ray Giordano died on 12 August, 1998 at age 71.

YWCA Metro Vancouver
Corporate body · 1897-

YWCA Metro Vancouver was founded in 1897 and incorporated as a society in 1905. It is a non-profit, membership- and volunteer-based charitable organization. Originally formed by members of two Vancouver charitable organizations, the Women’s Improvement League of St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church and the Anglican Girls’ Friendly Society, the organization’s initial mandate concerned providing relief work. However, the four women who established YWCA Metro Vancouver—Skinner, Banfield, Macaulay, and Southcott—quickly expanded the mandate to more fully support young women’s independence. The YWCA has always worked to fulfill its mandate through integrated services. Today, its mission is to advance gender equity.

YWCA Metro Vancouver is a local organization participating in the broader YWCA movement. Started in England in 1855, the YWCA movement includes all YWCA organizations. The YWCA movement operates at three levels: local, national, and world. As a local YWCA, YWCA Metro Vancouver is an independent entity, governed by its own Board of Directors following its own mission statement. Alongside other local Canadian YWCAs, YWCA Metro Vancouver is a member of the YWCA of Canada. Founded in 1893, the YWCA of Canada is a national YWCA that serves as coordinating body for all local YWCAs in Canada. Delegates from local YWCAs attend National Conventions every four years to elect the National Board of the YWCA of Canada and collaborate on policy and priorities. The YWCA of Canada has been a member of World YWCA since 1895. Founded in 1894, the World YWCA coordinates and connects national YWCAs globally. The YWCA of Canada elects Canadian delegates to attend the World YWCA Council every four years to determine policies and priorities for the World YWCA.

Although a member of the YWCA of Canada, YWCA Metro Vancouver is an autonomous entity, with organizational policy implemented by members via the elected Board of Directors. Elected annually from and by YWCA Metro Vancouver members, the Board of Directors is responsible for managing the affairs of the full organization, including policy- and priority-setting, strategic planning, budget management, and decision-making based on committee recommendations. The Board works with the Leadership Team, originally known as the Management Team, to accomplish this work. The Leadership Team is composed of key YWCA staff. The Board also recruits and employs the CEO, or the Executive Director before 1998, who acts as Head of Staff. The CEO partners with the Chair of the Board, called the President before 2002. YWCA Metro Vancouver staff members report to their supervisors who report to the CEO, committee members report to chair-people who report to the Chair of the Board, the CEO and Chair partner and report to the Board, and the Board is responsible to the membership.

YWCA Metro Vancouver has changed its priorities, policies, and name according to the identified needs of its membership. Founded as the Vancouver Young Women’s Christian Association, YWCA Metro Vancouver’s name has been through several iterations and meanings. One concerns the “C” present in “YWCA.” In 1965, the Vancouver YWCA brought forth a proposal to the YWCA of Canada for membership to be open to anyone regardless of religion. Four years later, this proposal was brought up by the Vancouver and Winnipeg YWCAs, and officially adopted. Although founded as a Christian organization, YWCA Metro Vancouver membership is now open to any who wish to join, regardless of gender or religion. YWCA Metro Vancouver identifies as a secular organization, but has kept the “C” in its name due to the influence of Christianity in its legacy. Additionally, in 2011 the organization changed its name to YWCA Metro Vancouver to “reflect [its] commitment serving communities throughout the region spanning Burnaby, Surrey, the Tri-cities, Maple Ridge, Langley/Aldergrove, Abbotsford, New Westminster, Richmond and North Vancouver” (“About the YWCA: Our Story”).

YWCA Metro Vancouver uses an integrated service model, considering the context of Vancouver and characteristics of the community served to inform its work. Early services included housing, an Employment Bureau, and Traveller’s Aid aimed at job-seeking young women new to Vancouver. Additional programs and services were influenced by priorities regularly identified by the organization. To provide these young women with social opportunities and improve their employment prospects, the YWCA began its fitness programs and adult education courses in the 1910s. Due to the outbreak and aftermath of World War I, in the 1920s YWCA provided counselling and sewing services for military hospitals, expanded its Health Education department, housed soldiers and their families, and assisted in resettling orphans, refugees, and soldiers’ families. The organization shifted its programming from a focus on Bible studies and church-going to personal and professional development programs and social and educational clubs. In response to the Great Depression in the 1930s, the YWCA focused its services towards providing affordable housing to homeless women and offering classes and training in marketable skills to assist women’s employability. Simultaneously, an emerging focus on international engagement, teenage programming, and leadership training in the 1930s led to Hi-Y programs for high schoolers and the founding in 1938 of the “Chinese Department” that would later become the Pender Y. A branch of the YWCA addressing Vancouver Chinatown’s community needs, Pender Y ran from 1944 to 1978. In the 1940s, the YWCA as a national movement focused on accommodating soldiers and their visiting relatives, as well as supporting women assuming additional responsibilities while male family members served overseas. After the war, the YWCA developed programs to advocate for women to keep their jobs and responsibilities when faced with the societal pressure to relinquish them. From the 1940s to 1960s, further developing YWCA programs and services were decentralized to branch YWCAs, including the West Vancouver Community Association and Vancouver East Community Y, among others. The YWCA responded to the Baby Boom of the 1950s by gearing its services to help mothers at every stage of motherhood. By the 1960s and 1970s, the YWCA identified priorities including leadership development, financial development, and social action. The organization became more vocal on Canadian and international social issues, prioritized transient youth and domestic abuse survivors, and expanded its employment guidance, counselling services, and mentorship programming. Munroe House, Canada’s first long-stay transition home for women and their children escaping abuse, opened in 1979. In the 1980s and 1990s, the YWCA identified childcare for teenage, working, and/or single mothers as an unfulfilled need and opened several childcare centres. Since the early 2000s, YWCA Metro Vancouver has focused on affordable housing, employment programs, ending gender-based violence, fitness and education, legal supports, and universal childcare. Several Vancouver-based community service organizations have found their beginnings as YWCA Metro Vancouver services before separating and becoming independent, including MOSAIC and Big Sisters.

YWCA Metro Vancouver continues to be an important and active part of its community.

References:
“About the YWCA: Our Story.” YWCA Metro Vancouver, 2023, https://ywcavan.org/our-story.

Yule, Tom
Person · [193-?] -

Tom Yule was involved with athletic clubs in Richmond. He trained boys in Steveston in boxing in the early 1960's.